When it comes to plant health, the unsung heroes are often the ones hidden beneath the surface: the roots. These vital structures may be out of sight, but they’re the first place to check when troubleshooting plant problems. Let’s dive into the world of roots and discover what they can tell us about our plants.
Let’s start with what healthy roots look like. This can vary depending on the type of plant, but generally, a healthy plant should have roots that are white, tan or slightly yellowish in colouring. They should be sturdy, or firm to the touch and eventually become long enough to hold the soil in the shape of the pot.
Unhealthy roots have their own telltale signals.
First, take note of the colouring. Roots that are brown, black, or purple indicate that something could be wrong. If the roots feel slimy, squish, or fall apart when touched, it’s very likely that you have a problem. Finally, do you notice an unpleasant smell? Healthy roots should only smell of soil. Unhealthy roots will develop a sour or sulphur smell over time.
Common Culprits Behind Root Problems
Overwatering is a primary issue because it encourages root rot. When roots sit in pools of water they aren’t able to absorb oxygen. This lack of oxygen leads to decay. Overwatering also enables fungus to grow in soil which then attacks the roots of plants. Drainage is essential to the root health.
Underwatering for an extended period of time can cause stress on roots. The fibrous roots that grow off of structural roots may burn and in turn, cause the leaves to burn. The roots may also collapse and then when the plant is watered, these roots could rot and look as if the plant has been overwatered.
Soil conditions play a crucial role. Soil that’s too compacted creates an oxygen-poor environment, while loose, well-aerated soil is ideal. Some plants may need specialized potting mixes with added perlite, peat moss, or bark to ensure adequate airflow to the roots.
Tailoring Care to Your Plant's Needs
Different plants have varying moisture requirements. Some thrive in drier conditions and are more prone to root rot, while others need consistently moist soil. Researching your plant’s specific needs will help you tailor your care routine effectively.
If your plant is struggling, a closer look at its roots can offer valuable insights. By understanding what’s happening below the surface, you can take informed actions to restore your plant’s health and keep it thriving.
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